amleenology

Keli, puyu, toman, haruan, patin, belida, jelawat, kelah dan puluhan spesies air tawar lain lazimnya memakan umpan.

Anda boleh mula memancing dengan membeli set yang murah seperti joran 5 hingga 9 kaki, kekili, tali, pelampung, umpan (seperti roti, dedak, ulat atau cengkerik), ladung, swivel, manik dan mata kail (rujuk grafik).

Ada tiga jenis joran asas untuk memancing. Pertama, joran untuk memancing menggunakan pelampung. Ia dicipta untuk aksi melontar umpan ringan. Panjang joran ini antara 12 atau 13 kaki (3.6 hingga 4 meter). Ia sesuai untuk melontar umpan antara 170 hingga 200 gram.

Joran kedua bagi memancing menggunakan umpan di dasar. Saiznya antara 3.2 hingga 3.6 meter. Ia sesuai dengan tali 1.4 hingga 3.6 kilogram (3 hingga 8 paun).

Bagi memudahkan anda mendapat panduan maka gambar yang tertera adalah merujuk kepada:

A. Kacamata polaroid bagi membolehkan anda melihat lebih jelas dalam pancaran kilau matahari.
B. Angkup (forceps) untuk memudahkan anda menanggalkan mata kail atau membetulkan mata kail.

C. Mata kail sememangnya menjadi syarat untuk membolehkan anda memancing. Pastikan mata kail sesuai dengan ikan yang diburu.

D. Hujung joran yang halus dan mudah bergetar sebagai penanda ikan memakan umpan.
E. Pelampung untuk kegunaan memancing di sungai.
F. Pelampung ‘avon’ untuk kegunaan dalam air deras dan umpan yang besar.
G. Pelampung ‘duri landak’ yang sememangnya sangat sesuai untuk memancing di tasik.

H. Pelampung goyang yang lut sinar ini sangat sesuai untuk kegunaan dalam air tenang atau berarus perlahan.

I. Jangka suhu bagi menyukat suhu air kerana kepanasan air turut menentukan bentuk atau jumlah tangkapan bakal diperoleh.

J. Batu ladung yang pelbagai mengikut keperluan

K. Swivel bagi mengelakkan tali berpintal.

L. Mesin gulung paling lazim di pasaran.

Posted by Abu71 pancing

Cara terbaik menjaga peralatan pancing supaya tahan lama ialah 'mencuri' masa sewaktu balik dar aktiviti memancing dengan mencuci ataupun melakukan servis ringkas untuk semua peralatan yang digunakan ketika memancing. Mungkin tidak semestinya sebaik saja sampai di rumah kerana biasalah…keletihan selepas trip memancing , tapi inilah masa terbaik sebelum air masin atau sebarang benda asing yang lain meresap ke dalam bahagian peralatan atau sebelum ianya kering dan melekat pada peralatan. Paling senang yang ramai pemancing lakukan ialah mandi 'bersama' joran dan kekili selepas memancing.

Kekili



pastikan system tegangan (drag) dan gelendung kekili diketatkan sebelum membilas denganair. Ia bertujuan mengelakkan air dari memasuki dalam badan kekili (housing). Membilas terutama selepas digunakan di laut bertujuan membuang kesan garam yang terlekat pada peralatan yang boleh mempercepatkan karat pda bahagian tertentu. Biarkan ia kering seketika. Lapkan sekiranya terdapat lebihan air terkumpul.

Apabila ianya kering, longgarkan ia kembali drag dan gunakan WD-40 untuk menyembur bahagian yang bergerak terutamanya pengayuh , bahagian dalam geglung tali dan sebagainya yang dirasakan perlu. Sekiranya tida WD-40 , anda boleh gunakan minyak singer sebagai alternatif. Harganya murah di pasaran tempatan. Longgarkan drag kekili pada tahap minimum sebelum anda menyimpannya. Paling tidak, minyak gris perlu ditukar untuk menjamin keberkesanan dan ketahanan gear itu sendiri. Jangan sekali rendam kekili dalam air sama ada air masin mahupun tawar.

Joran



joran yang digunakan tidak terkecuali untuk dibilas dan dicuci setiap kali selepas trip memancing. Ramai yang berbangga menggunakan cincin SiC yang tahan karat dan terbaik , namun saya biasa jumpa cincin jenis ini juga berkarat dan rupanya macam kurap! Kadangkala empunya joran lupa mencuci kotoran yang terlekat di celah - celah kaki cincin terutama yang kecil. Kotoran ini mempercepatkan tindak balas oksidasi yang akhirnya membentuk karat pada cincin. Pemegang joran perlu disental dengan air sabun atau syampu lembut untuk menanggalkan kesan bau yang tidak menyenangkan. Sapukan lilin pada penyambung besi supaya ia senang ditanggalkan dan mengeluarkan bunyi 'pop' setiap kali dicabut keluar.

Mata kail

Paling baik ,jangan campurkan mata kail yang sudah digunakan bersama- sama mata kail baru. Karat akan mudah merebak pada mata kail yang lain terutamanya jenis tidak tahan karat. Asingkan dalam tempat khas sekiranya ingin digunakan lagi. Kalau tidak, buang saja. Bagi mata kail yang sudah terpakai dan kurang tajam , dapatkan kikir halus ( handfile) dan asah saja bahagian depan. Kertas pasir juga boleh digunakan sebagai alternatif. Simpan barang ini bersama kotak pancing kerana ia mudah dibawa dan masa kita memerlukan adalah tidak menentu. Untk penjimatan , anda disyorkan menggunakan mata kail tahan karat. Ia tahan lama dan boleh digunakan berulang kali. Saya lebuh gemar menggunakan mata kail Gamakatsu yang tahan lasak serta tahan karat. Anda perlu sedar bahawa harga mata kail naik berlipat ganda. Terus terang saya katakana , harga mata kail memang mahal , sebentuk mata kail sampai mencecah angka RM 1 lebih. Maknanya kita kena bijak menggunakannya.

Peralatan Sampingan

kalau menggunakan playar yang murah jenis berkarat , ia hendaklah dicuci setiap kali memancing dan gunakan WD- 40 pada sembur bahagian tengahnya. Gerakkan berulang kali sehingga karat keluar dari bahagian bergerak dan lap karat tersebut. Lakukan sehingga playar tersebut tidak ketat lagi atau lancar pergerakkannya , barulah boleh simpan untuk trip akan dating. Untuk playar jenis logam tahan karat (stainless steel) memadai kita semburkan WD- 40 pada bahagian tengah bahagian bergerak tersebut. Pisau , pemotong dan apa saja alatan yang digunakan ketika memancing tidak terkecuali untuk dicuci. Sama juga kotak pancing, sekali - sekala keluarkan semua yang ada di dalam dan bersihkan ia terutama kesan karat yang ada dalam kotak- kotak kecil di dalamnya.

Tali Pancing

Tangsi pada gelendung perlu diperiksa sekali - sekala terutama sebelum turun memancing. Gelendung tali perlu dijirus dengan aiur bersih supaya air masin tidak terkumpul dan membentuk lapisan garam di dalam gelungan tali. Tali kelihatan bersih dan akan melancarkan pergerakannya sewaktu keluar dari gelendung. Sekiranya terdapat tali yang dah calar, buang saja dari mengelakkannya ianya putus sewaktu di padang pancing. Nanti ramai yang menyesal apabila tali putus tiba-tiba ketika bertarung dengan ikan besar. Jangan sama sekali menarik tali sangkut dengan joran. Tarik tali sangkut dengan tangan kadang kala boleh mencederakan. Paling sesuai bagi saya ketika menarik tangsi tersangkut ialah menggunakan koyan kecil yang kosong. Calar bermakna kekuatan tali sudah menurun , akhirnya putus akan mengambil alih ketika pemancing tidak mahu kehilanagn hasil. Alamak ruginya!

info dari pannekc

GPS ialah singkatan dari perkataan Global Positioning System (Sistem Penempatan Global) yang berupaya memberikan panduan tentang arah perjalanan atau tempat yang ditujui dengan syarat nombor koordinat telah dimasukkan.

1) Arah tuju atau perjalanan ditentukan oleh empat atau lima satelit untuk memudahkan jarak pergerakan sama ada di laut atau darat.

2) Model di atas ialah Global Map 100 dari jenama Lowrance yang dihidupkan menggunakan bateri alkali saiz AA, sebanyak empat biji.

3) Penjejak bersaiz tapak tangan ini memudahkan pengguna untuk menggunakannya sama ada didarat atau dilaut.

4) Skrin menunjukkan perjalanan dari Kuala Rompin menuju ke terumbu Batu Puteh.

info dari pannekc.com

By Senator Gaylord Nelson, Founder of Earth Day



What was the purpose of Earth Day? How did it start? These are the questions I am most frequently asked.

Actually, the idea for Earth Day evolved over a period of seven years starting in 1962. For several years, it had been troubling me that the state of our environment was simply a non-issue in the politics of the country. Finally, in November 1962, an idea occurred to me that was, I thought, a virtual cinch to put the environment into the political "limelight" once and for all. The idea was to persuade President Kennedy to give visibility to this issue by going on a national conservation tour. I flew to Washington to discuss the proposal with Attorney General Robert Kennedy, who liked the idea. So did the President. The President began his five-day, eleven-state conservation tour in September 1963. For many reasons the tour did not succeed in putting the issue onto the national political agenda. However, it was the germ of the idea that ultimately flowered into Earth Day.

I continued to speak on environmental issues to a variety of audiences in some twenty-five states. All across the country, evidence of environmental degradation was appearing everywhere, and everyone noticed except the political establishment. The environmental issue simply was not to be found on the nation's political agenda. The people were concerned, but the politicians were not.

After President Kennedy's tour, I still hoped for some idea that would thrust the environment into the political mainstream. Six years would pass before the idea that became Earth Day occurred to me while on a conservation speaking tour out West in the summer of 1969. At the time, anti-Vietnam War demonstrations, called "teach-ins," had spread to college campuses all across the nation. Suddenly, the idea occurred to me - why not organize a huge grassroots protest over what was happening to our environment?

I was satisfied that if we could tap into the environmental concerns of the general public and infuse the student anti-war energy into the environmental cause, we could generate a demonstration that would force this issue onto the political agenda. It was a big gamble, but worth a try.

At a conference in Seattle in September 1969, I announced that in the spring of 1970 there would be a nationwide grassroots demonstration on behalf of the environment and invited everyone to participate. The wire services carried the story from coast to coast. The response was electric. It took off like gangbusters. Telegrams, letters, and telephone inquiries poured in from all across the country. The American people finally had a forum to express its concern about what was happening to the land, rivers, lakes, and air - and they did so with spectacular exuberance. For the next four months, two members of my Senate staff, Linda Billings and John Heritage, managed Earth Day affairs out of my Senate office.

Five months before Earth Day, on Sunday, November 30, 1969, The New York Times carried a lengthy article by Gladwin Hill reporting on the astonishing proliferation of environmental events:

"Rising concern about the environmental crisis is sweeping the nation's campuses with an intensity that may be on its way to eclipsing student discontent over the war in Vietnam...a national day of observance of environmental problems...is being planned for next spring...when a nationwide environmental 'teach-in'...coordinated from the office of Senator Gaylord Nelson is planned...."

It was obvious that we were headed for a spectacular success on Earth Day. It was also obvious that grassroots activities had ballooned beyond the capacity of my U.S. Senate office staff to keep up with the telephone calls, paper work, inquiries, etc. In mid-January, three months before Earth Day, John Gardner, Founder of Common Cause, provided temporary space for a Washington, D.C. headquarters. I staffed the office with college students and selected Denis Hayes as coordinator of activities.

Earth Day worked because of the spontaneous response at the grassroots level. We had neither the time nor resources to organize 20 million demonstrators and the thousands of schools and local communities that participated. That was the remarkable thing about Earth Day. It organized itself.

Toyota is a Japanese brand whose refined, well-designed vehicles have earned it a great deal of popularity. Toyotas also have a superb record for reliability and durability, which goes a long way toward justifying their typically high purchase prices. For buyers who plan on owning their new vehicles for a long time, the Toyota marque is a very compelling choice.

The automaker's name is a variation of the surname of its founder, Kiichiro Toyoda. After years of research, Toyoda unveiled his first prototype, the A1, in 1935, marking the birth of the Toyota Motor Corporation. The '40s witnessed the launch of additional passenger cars and even a pickup. By the end of the decade, the automaker had produced more than 100,000 vehicles.

Toyota grew bigger in the '50s and expanded its roster with a slew of new small cars. The company also unveiled the utilitarian BJ truck; this vehicle was the precursor to the Land Cruiser. By the end of the decade, Toyota had commenced exports to the U.S. with the establishment of Toyota Motor Sales U.S.A., Inc. The first Toyota to be sold on American shores was the Crown; it held the distinction of being the first Japanese car to be sold Stateside.

The '60s witnessed even more growth for the emerging juggernaut. Toyota introduced the Corolla, an immensely popular model that is still in production today. Vehicles like the home-market Publica, the 2000GT, Hiace and Miniace were also launched. The decade closed with Toyota reporting annual domestic sales of 1 million units; cumulative exports also reached 1 million.

Japanese-market cars like the Carina, Light Ace and Publica Starlet were launched during the 1970s. In the States, the Corolla grew in popularity and the Corona and Mk II models debuted as well. The successful Celica sports coupe was also rolled out and would remain in production for more than 30 years. Toyota's shadow had spread far beyond Japan by this point. The decade's oil crisis had made the manufacturer's compact, fuel-efficient models more popular than ever in the United States. By the time the '70s drew to a close, the automaker had exported more than 10 million vehicles.

Toyota expanded its presence in the U.S. market during the '80s, with the introduction of popular models like the 4Runner SUV and the MR2 sports car. The true high point of these years, though, was the birth of the Toyota Camry sedan. Originally known as the Celica Camry in Japan, the car went on to be a hit of phenomenal proportions, earning kudos as America's best-selling car of the year time and time again.

During the '90s, Toyota rolled out the Avalon full-size sedan and expanded its selection of SUVs with the compact RAV4. By the end of the decade, more than 100 million Toyota vehicles had been produced in Japan. The company also proved itself on the cutting edge of new technology with the rollout of the Prius, the world's first mass-produced hybrid. The car debuted in Japan in 1997; by 2001, the fuel-sipping sedan had made its way to American highways. Despite the presence of a growing number of competitors in its segment, the Prius continues to boast class-leading sales.

Toyota's current lineup is relatively extensive, including minivans, cars, trucks and SUVs. The brand remains extremely popular among savvy consumers who place a high value on quality and dependability.